English
Object 'English' belongs to the 'World Languages' theme.Connection to Spanish:
Because they both draw lots of vocabulary from Latin, English and Spanish share many cognates. However, their grammar is not as close, since English grammar has a lot more German influence than Spanish grammar.
Connection to French:Because they both draw lots of vocabulary from Latin, English and French share many cognates. However, their grammar is not as closely related, since English grammar is more related to German.
Connection to Japanese:The Japanese language borrows a lot of words from English.
Connection to German:English is a Germanic language, descended grammatically from the German mother tongue (though also heavily influenced by French and Latin, of course). The two languages share so many cognates that a native speaker of one can usually make out the basic gist of a text written in the other.
Connection to Mandarin:Mandarin and English have surprisingly similar grammar (though the former has also been called "grammarless", partly because its verbs never conjugate). However, their phonologies and their writing systems are very widely separated. While English uses the Roman alphabet, Mandarin uses the hanzi, which are difficult to transliterate into any alphabet at all. Mandarin is a tonal language and it's difficult for English speakers to pick up on the tones at all; conversely, it's difficult for Mandarin speakers to pick up on the stress of English.
Connection to Esperanto:Esperanto shares a lot of cognates with English, and a similar grammar. The sound system of Esperanto is a subsystem of the sound system of English, making this a very easy language for English speakers to pronounce.
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